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How to Resolve SSL Certificate Verification Failure in PHP Scripts

Learn how to fix SSL certificate verification failure in PHP scripts including common errors like "SSL routines:tls_process_server_certificate:certificate verify failed". --- Disclaimer/Disclosure: Some of the content was synthetically produced using various Generative AI (artificial intelligence) tools; so, there may be inaccuracies or misleading information present in the video. Please consider this before relying on the content to make any decisions or take any actions etc. If you still have any concerns, please feel free to write them in a comment. Thank you. --- In the world of web development, ensuring secure communication between client and server is crucial. However, you may encounter SSL certificate verification failures in PHP scripts. This error usually appears as: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] Let's delve into some practical steps to resolve this issue using PHP, cURL, SSL certificates, and Virtualmin as contexts. Understanding the Error When making HTTP requests via PHP, SSL certification verification can fail for various reasons. Typically, this happens when cURL can't verify the trusted Certificate Authority (CA) or when the SSL/TLS certificate isn’t trusted by default. Common Causes Expired or Invalid SSL Certificate: The server’s SSL certificate might be expired or invalid. Missing CA Certificates: The system lacks the relevant CA certificates to validate the server’s SSL certificate. PHP Configuration Issues: PHP might be pointing to an incorrect path or missing important configurations related to SSL. Step-by-Step Resolution 1. Ensure CA Certificates are Up-to-Date [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] Ensure your CA certificates are up-to-date to avoid missing any necessary root certificates. 2. Update cURL Bundle cURL relies on a certificate bundle (CA bundle) that must be regularly updated. Download the latest cacert.pem file from a reliable source and configure PHP cURL: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] 3. Configure PHP.ini Make sure the php.ini file has the correct path to the cURL CA bundle: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] 4. Disable SSL Verification Temporarily If for some reason you need to disable SSL verification (not recommended for production), you can use: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] 5. Handling SSL with Virtualmin If you are using Virtualmin to manage your server, ensure correct installation and renewal of SSL certificates: Go to Virtualmin > Server Configuration > Manage SSL Certificate Ensure that SSL settings are correctly configured and updated. Conclusion Resolving SSL certificate verification failures involves checking CA certificates, updating cURL bundles, correctly configuring PHP, and ensuring proper setup in Virtualmin. Following these steps will ensure your PHP scripts run securely and smoothly without the hassle of SSL verification issues. By meticulously addressing each step, you can resolve the common "SSL routines:tls_process_server_certificate:certificate verify failed" error and maintain a secure environment for your applications.