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The (Staggering) Siege of Vienna 1683

The second (Staggering) Siege of Vienna 1683: On the 14th July 1683, an Ottoman army under the command of the Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha arrived at the Gates of Vienna. Their arrival marked the beginning of a siege characterized by subterranean warfare, delays on both sides, and an “apocalyptic storm” of Tatar riders ravaging the hinterland. The siege was eventually ended by the battle of Vienna, when the Polish winged Hussars arrived under King Jan III Sobieski famously charged into the Ottoman army. The siege and battle of Vienna are discussed extensively by historians up to this day. It is considered the turning point in the westward expansion of the Ottomans and it is an interesting case study for any student of warfare. This is how contemporary historiography tells the story of the staggering siege of Vienna: Patreon (thank you):   / sandrhomanhistory   Donations (thank you): paypal.me/SandRhomanhistory Twitter:   / sandrhoman   #history #education #sandrhoman Our reading list on military history: Duffy, C., Siege Warfare: The Fortress in the Early Modern World 1494-1660, Vol. 1, 1979. https://amzn.to/32dvvwM Rogers, C.J., The military revolution debate. Readings on the military transformation of early modern Europe, 1995. https://amzn.to/3geVDMM Rogers, C.J., Soldiers' Lives through History - The Middle Ages, 2006. https://amzn.to/3j2kQvG Parker, C., The Cambridge History of Warfare, 2005. https://amzn.to/32ggn1L Van Nimwegen, O., The Dutch Army and the Military Revolutions, 1588-1688, 2010. https://amzn.to/2E3Fc95 Bibliography Black, Jeremy (Hg.), The Seventy Great Battles in History, Leipzig 2005. Eickhoff, Ekkehard, Venedig, Wien und die Osmanen. Umbruch in Südosteuropa 1645-1700, Stuttgart 2008. Matschke, Klaus-Peter, Das Kreuz und der Halbmond. Die Geschichte der Türkenkriege, Darmstadt 2004. Stoye, John, The Siege of Vienna: The Last Great Trial Between Cross & Crescent, London 1964. Wheatcroft, Andrew, The Enemy at the Gate: Habsburgs, Ottomans, and the Battle for Europe, New York 2010.