Скачать с ютуб Spring Update 2025 в хорошем качестве

Spring Update 2025

Very slow spring... Annie Lake road doesn't have much pollen about 3-4 weeks behind average years. Frost every night still. Lewes Lake area has decent Jacob's Ladder and the dandelions are just starting to bloom. I added patties and fondant on my colonies. They had consumed everything I added 7 weeks ago. the remaining colonies have 2 to 3 frames of capped brood. But with this cold weather they are limiting the nest to the upper section of the hive bodies. Clusters in general are smaller than usual. I have decent colonies that will allow me to do splits in June and get back to 4-5 colonies. I pulled about a 1/2 frame of nurse bees from a stronger colony into a small colony to see if I can get it over the spring dip. It had a queen and a softball size cluster. I am testing the feces off my frames to check for Nosema/Ameoba to better understand the dysentery. During the winter, the likely culprit was honeydew honey and rust spores collected in August. The gut issue really impact 3 of the colonies. I also have the queen and the final cluster from a colony that failed during my trip. Failed Colonies: From my observations (microscopy) during the winter and just now 3 of the colonies had issues with dysentery caused by the late summer honey and rust collection. 2 of the 3 had severe Nosema. The other colony had severe dysentery but it does not have any Nosema whatsoever. Confirming that Nosema does not cause dysentery. Dysentery however is the fecal to oral vector of diseases like Nosema and Ameoba. I will fumigated a bunch of my frames again once the weather gets warmer. One of the colonies with Nosema also showed signs of Ameoba. I will likely dispose of all its frames (save the wax but throw away the frames). For me August winter preparation (feeding patties and syrup) is a critical success factor. Every year where life got in the way of these activities where I start late August/early September, my losses have been higher than normal. The other success factor is the honey type. Last season, the honey when I sampled it was very high in honeydew elements. When analyzing bee poop, I can tell what was consumed as honey and what was consumed as pollen (bee bread). Consumed honey in poop looks like a random assortment of pollens, rust and fungal spores. Consumed "pollen" in poop looks clumpy with groupings of pollen or rusts. (Image one - grouping of fireweed pollen in bee gut from stored winter bee bread; Image 2 - grouping of rust spores from stored winter "rust" bread. Image 3 - is prepared slide of last summer's honey - Honeydew Honey can be estimated by counting HDE (Honeydew Elements) vs pollen grains. In this image, the brown spots and the background texture (algeas) are HDEs. Folks with warmer winters never really get to see gut accumulation of fecal content because of the regular cleansing flights. This is why Nosema or honeydew or rust is a big problem in very cold climates. This is why August (for me) is such a critical month to manage or mitigate these issues. Note: The colony with Nosema and Ameoba failed during the winter; The colony with only Nosema failed about 4 weeks ago, the patties I added triggered the queen but the large diurnals, smaller cluster (high winter mortality) just couldn't keep it warm. The bees from the final cluster had Nosema; The colony with only dysentery and no Nosema is still alive, but has a very small cluster. It was also depopulated during winter likely due to bees attempting to cleanse during cold days (entrance was covered in poop). Remember all 3 had severe dysentery caused by poor winter stores!!! So the morale for those in the Yukon. Pull your honey at the latest the 1st week of August, add patties and start feeding sugar syrup. Stop bulk feeding pollen patties/syrup by the 1st week of September. Bees need a dearth to produce winter bees.