Скачать с ютуб How to Fix the has_object_permission Issue in Your Django Endpoint в хорошем качестве

How to Fix the has_object_permission Issue in Your Django Endpoint

Discover how to properly implement object permissions in Django Rest Framework to resolve issues with custom permissions not being called. --- This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/77492964/ asked by the user 'Mario Berg' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/22925754/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/77493035/ provided by the user 'willeM_ Van Onsem' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/67579/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions. Visit these links for original content and any more details, such as alternate solutions, comments, revision history etc. For example, the original title of the Question was: My Django endpoint does not access the has_object_permission method Also, Content (except music) licensed under CC BY-SA https://meta.stackexchange.com/help/l... The original Question post is licensed under the 'CC BY-SA 4.0' ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... ) license, and the original Answer post is licensed under the 'CC BY-SA 4.0' ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... ) license. If anything seems off to you, please feel free to write me at vlogize [AT] gmail [DOT] com. --- Solving the Problem: Accessing has_object_permission in Django Endpoints When working with Django and the Django Rest Framework (DRF), it's common to implement custom permissions to control access to your API's resources. But what happens when you notice that your custom has_object_permission method is not being called? This often leads to confusion, especially if you are trying to ensure users can only access their own objects. In this guide, we will explore the problem and provide an effective solution. The Problem In your case, you have a custom permission class set up to restrict access based on the user_id associated with each object. The intention is that when a user tries to access or delete an object, the system checks whether that user is the owner by comparing their ID with the object's owner ID. However, the has_object_permission method of your custom permission class is not being triggered when handling requests to your API view. This is primarily because you are using the base APIView, which does not automatically handle object-level permission checks. Example View and Permission Class Here's what your code structure looks like: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] And your custom permission class: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] The Root Cause The main reason that your has_object_permission method isn't called is that the APIView does not automatically perform checks for object permissions. Therefore, you are required to implement this logic manually. The Solution: Use Generic Views To resolve this issue, it is recommended to switch from using APIView to a more convenient generic view that includes built-in support for handling object permissions. The RetrieveDestroyAPIView class is perfect for this use case, as it provides functionality for both retrieving and deleting a single object while respecting permissions defined in your custom permission class. Updated View Implementation Here's how you can refactor your view: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] Benefits of This Approach Less Boilerplate Code: Using generic views reduces the amount of manual code you need to write, as DRF handles much of the functionality for you. Automatic Permission Checking: By switching to a generic view, the framework automatically invokes your custom permission checks, addressing the original issue. Cleaner Structure: With the built-in methods handling retrieval and deletion, your code becomes cleaner and easier to maintain. Optional: Implementing Soft Delete If your application requires a "soft delete" (rather than removing objects permanently), you can further enhance your model by overriding the delete method directly in your model class. This way, you won’t need to redefine the perform_destroy method in the view unless specific logic is required. Conclusion By understanding the relationship between Django views and permission classes, you can efficiently resolve issues related to access control in your APIs. Transitioning from APIView to RetrieveDestroyAPIView not only improves your application’s functionality but also streamlines your code. Remember to carefully structure your API and leverage DRF's powerful features to handle common tasks like permissions. This will ensure your application remains secure and functional.