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HARD Logic Puzzle - The Seemingly Impossible Counterfeit Coin Problem

An evil warden holds you prisoner, but offers you a chance to earn your freedom. You are given 101 coins, of which 51 are genuine and 50 are counterfeit. Each genuine coin is identical. And each counterfeit coin is identical to a genuine coin, except that it differs in weight by exactly 1 gram (all are lighter or all are heavier, only the warden knows). The warden gives you a randomly selected coin from the 101 coins. You have to guess whether it is genuine or counterfeit. If you are incorrect, you are imprisoned forever. If you are correct, you are set free. You are given a weighing balance that displays the difference in weight between its left and right pans (for example, if the left pan has 8.3 grams and right pan has 10.3 grams, the display would show -2 grams). You can weigh any of the 101 coins, but you only get to use the weighing balance once before you have to guess. What is your best strategy to identify your coin and escape the prison? Watch the video for a solution. My blog post for this video http://wp.me/p6aMk-4Zb Source Putnam-style practice from Olena Bormashenko https://www.ma.utexas.edu/users/olena... If you like my videos, you can support me at Patreon:   / mindyourdecisions   Connect on social media. I update each site when I have a new video or blog post, so you can follow me on whichever method is most convenient for you. My Blog: http://mindyourdecisions.com/blog/ Twitter:   / preshtalwalkar   Facebook:   / 168446714965   Google+: https://plus.google.com/1083366085665... Pinterest:   / preshtalwalkar   Tumblr:   / preshtalwalkar   Instagram:   / preshtalwalkar   Patreon:   / mindyourdecisions   Newsletter (sent about 2 times a year): http://eepurl.com/KvS0r My Books "The Joy of Game Theory" shows how you can use math to out-think your competition. (rated 3.9/5 stars on 25 reviews) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/150... "The Irrationality Illusion: How To Make Smart Decisions And Overcome Bias" is a handbook that explains the many ways we are biased about decision-making and offers techniques to make smart decisions. (rated 5/5 stars on 2 reviews) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/152... "Math Puzzles Volume 1" features classic brain teasers and riddles with complete solutions for problems in counting, geometry, probability, and game theory. Volume 1 is rated 4.5/5 stars on 11 reviews. https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/151... "Math Puzzles Volume 2" is a sequel book with more great problems. (rated 5/5 stars on 3 reviews) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/151... "Math Puzzles Volume 3" is the third in the series. (rated 5/5 stars on 3 reviews) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/151... "40 Paradoxes in Logic, Probability, and Game Theory" contains thought-provoking and counter-intuitive results. (rated 4.8/5 stars on 9 reviews) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/151... "The Best Mental Math Tricks" teaches how you can look like a math genius by solving problems in your head (rated 4.7/5 stars on 3 reviews) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/150... "Multiply Numbers By Drawing Lines" This book is a reference guide for my video that has over 1 million views on a geometric method to multiply numbers. (rated 5/5 stars on 2 reviews) https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/150...