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2. Dermatomyositis Overview: Rash, Weakness & Management | Internal Medicine NEET PG/FMGE/USMLE

Dermatomyositis Overview: Rash, Weakness & Management | Internal Medicine NEET PG/FMGE/USMLE Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy characterized by symmetric proximal muscle weakness and distinctive skin findings—think violet-purple heliotrope rash over the eyelids and scaly Gottron’s papules on the knuckles 🧬. It involves complement‐mediated microvascular injury, leading to muscle fiber necrosis and perimysial inflammation, and may be associated with autoantibodies such as anti-Mi-2 and anti-MDA5 🩸. Patients often present with difficulty rising from a chair, climbing stairs, or lifting objects, alongside photosensitive rash and mechanics’ hands. Diagnosis hinges on elevated muscle enzymes (CK, aldolase), EMG showing myopathic changes, MRI demonstrating muscle edema, and confirmatory muscle biopsy. First-line treatment is high-dose corticosteroids, followed by steroid-sparing agents (methotrexate, azathioprine) and IVIG in refractory cases 💊. Early physiotherapy and sun protection are key to improving strength and preventing flares 🌞. #Dermatomyositis #InflammatoryMyopathy #HeliotropeRash #GottronsPapules #ProximalWeakness #Rheumatology #NEETPG #FMGE #USMLE #MedicalEducation #MuscleBiopsy #Autoantibodies