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What are "Races"?

Audio from "The DNA Files". Human Genome Project Minorities, Race, and Genomics "DNA studies do not indicate that separate classifiable subspecies (races) exist within modern humans. While different genes for physical traits such as skin and hair color can be identified between individuals, no consistent patterns of genes across the human genome exist to distinguish one race from another. There also is no genetic basis for divisions of human ethnicity. People who have lived in the same geographic region for many generations may have some alleles in common, but no allele will be found in all members of one population and in no members of any other..." http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources... American Anthropological Association AAA Statement on Race "In the United States both scholars and the general public have been conditioned to viewing human races as natural and separate divisions within the human species based on visible physical differences. With the vast expansion of scientific knowledge in this century, however, it has become clear that human populations are not unambiguous, clearly demarcated, biologically distinct groups. Evidence from the analysis of genetics (e.g., DNA) indicates that most physical variation, about 94%, lies within so-called racial groups. Conventional geographic "racial" groupings differ from one another only in about 6% of their genes. This means that there is greater variation within "racial" groups than between them. In neighboring populations there is much overlapping of genes and their phenotypic (physical) expressions. Throughout history whenever different groups have come into contact, they have interbred. The continued sharing of genetic materials has maintained all of humankind as a single species..." http://www.aaanet.org/issues/policy-a... AAA Response to OMB Directive 15: Race and Ethnic Standards for Federal Statistics and Administrative Reporting "The clearest data about human variation come from studies of genetic variation, which are clearly quantifiable and replicable. Genetic data show that, no matter how racial groups are defined, two people from the same racial group are about as different from each other as two people from any two different racial groups..." http://www.aaanet.org/cmtes/minority/... Additional Information: RACE - Are We So Different? :: A Project of the American Anthropological Association http://www.understandingrace.org Atlas of the Human Journey - The Genographic Project https://genographic.nationalgeographi... Conceptualizing human variation http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v36/... The Persistence of Racial Thinking and the Myth of Racial Divergence http://wysinger.homestead.com/racial_... BBC Four - Racism: A History    • Видео