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Understanding the or Operator: Why Does print(0 or check() or 1) Output geeks?

Explore how Python's `or` operator works with short-circuiting and understand why the string `geeks` is printed in this example. --- This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/73840000/ asked by the user 'pfan' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/8163823/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/73840064/ provided by the user 'CryptoFool' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/7631480/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions. Visit these links for original content and any more details, such as alternate solutions, latest updates/developments on topic, comments, revision history etc. For example, the original title of the Question was: Short-circuiting with helper function in print() Also, Content (except music) licensed under CC BY-SA https://meta.stackexchange.com/help/l... The original Question post is licensed under the 'CC BY-SA 4.0' ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... ) license, and the original Answer post is licensed under the 'CC BY-SA 4.0' ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... ) license. If anything seems off to you, please feel free to write me at vlogize [AT] gmail [DOT] com. --- Understanding the or Operator: Why Does print(0 or check() or 1) Output geeks? When working with boolean operations in Python, the behavior of the or operator can sometimes lead to surprising results, especially when combined with function calls. One common question that arises is: Why does the following code print "geeks" in the console? [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] In this guide, we will explore the inner workings of the or operator in Python, focusing on its short-circuiting behavior and how it evaluates expressions. Let's break this down step by step to understand the result you see in the console. The Basics of or Operator To comprehend the output of our code, we first need to understand how the or operator functions in Python. Definition of or The Python or operator operates based on the following principle: It returns the first operand that evaluates to True, or the last operand if none of the previous ones truly evaluate to True. This means that in a chained or expression, once Python finds an operand that is True, it will stop evaluating the rest. Analyzing the Code Let's dissect our code line by line to understand why "geeks" appears in the output. Step 1: Evaluate the First Operand - 0 The first operand in our expression is 0. In Python, 0 evaluates to False in a boolean context. Step 2: Evaluate the Second Operand - check() Since 0 is False, Python proceeds to evaluate the second operand, which is check(). When we call check(), the function executes and returns the string "geeks". A critical point to note here is that non-empty strings evaluate to True in Python. Therefore, "geeks" is considered a True value in this context. Step 3: Result of the Expression Since check() returns "geeks", which is True, Python stops the evaluation at this point and does not check the last operand (1). Thus, the entire expression under print() simplifies to the value "geeks". Conclusion So, the reason "geeks" is printed on the console stems from the way Python's or operator evaluates its operands. The short-circuiting nature of the or operator means that as soon as it encounters a True value, it returns that value without evaluating further. Key Takeaways: Short-circuit evaluation allows for more efficient code since not all operands need to be evaluated. Boolean context evaluations: Understand that various types of values (like strings) have truthy or falsy evaluations, which affect how expressions behave. Whenever chaining multiple operands with or, the expression will yield the first truthy value it encounters. By grasping these principles, you can better predict the behavior of boolean operations in Python, preventing future surprises in your code. Feel free to play around with different values and functions in this pattern to see how they behave with or! Happy coding!