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How to Make a 1M HCl Solution (Hydrochloric acid)

To make a 1M (one molar) HCl solution there are a number of ways. This includes starting with concentrated HCl and using a stock solution and diluting. These three are the ones I find most useful. Using a recipe from the manufacturer (link about bottom of this page): Manufacturers of chemicals often provide instructions for preparing specific concentrations. In this case, you can search for a recipe online provided by the manufacturer of HCl. The recipe will typically include the required volume of a concentrated HCl solution and the appropriate volume of water to achieve a 1M solution. Follow the instructions carefully to ensure accurate preparation. Using the dilution formula (M1V1 = M2V2): If you have a concentrated HCl solution with a known molarity (M1), you can use the dilution formula to prepare a 1M solution. Let's assume you have a 12M HCl solution (M1) and you want to prepare 1L (V2) of 1M HCl solution. The formula becomes: (12M)(V1) = (1M)(1L) V1 = (1M)(1L) / 12M V1 ≈ 0.083 L (or 83 mL) Measure 83 mL of the 12M HCl solution and dilute it with water to a final volume of 1L to obtain a 1M HCl solution. Note: always start with some water and add the acid to water to avoid the exothermic reaction overheating and causing problems. Diluting a stock solution: If you already have a stock solution of HCl with a known molarity (higher than 1M), you can dilute it to obtain a 1M solution. Be sure to take appropriate safety precautions when working with concentrated acids! Flinn guide to laboratory solution preparation: https://www.flinnsci.com/api/library/...